SME-need of banks support in Russian context
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Chapter 1 Small and medium sized enterprises in the national economy 

 

1.1 The small and medium sized enterprises development: foreign experience

 

The experience of many European countries showed that small and medium enterprises play a huge role in the economy of any country. This role is to stimulate competition, which in turn forces the big companies to improve the efficiency of the production process and implement new technologies. As a result economic efficiency increases. For this reason, the main objectives related to support for small and medium sized enterprises (SME), for example, in the European Union are: to increase the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises, balancing the interests of business and government, providing optimal conditions for the operation of SMEs.

In foreign countries, the development of SMEs is much faster than in Russia. There to the subject of economic relations is important. In developed countries, the SME is a middle class that is base for a successful and sustainable economic development. “Today in developed Western countries, about 70-90% of enterprises - are the organization of small and medium-sized businesses. In the EU, for example, about half of the working population works in small and medium-sized businesses, in Japan this value is 71.7%, while in the US - 53%. In the EU, small and medium-sized enterprises provide 17% of total employment and 20% of the total turnover of all enterprises, although their share is only 1% of the total number of organizations”[1].

In Europe, the support and regulation system for small and medium-sized businesses began to take shape in the 70-s of the twentieth century and continues to improve until now by creating funds to support SME and by implementation of various programs. Today the main areas of support for SME include: "Financial support for SME; the simplification of the regulatory framework and administrative procedures in the field of SME support; participation of associations representing the interests of SME in decision-making in the framework of EU; assistance to SME in the field of research, innovation and training of the future employees; elimination of irregularities in the functioning of the "single market" and competition in it that reduce efficiency of SME; increasing the competitiveness of SME for the purpose of entering foreign markets; cultivation of the


[1] Analytical materials: XIV Russian Conference of Representatives of small and medium-sized enterprises "Interaction of small, medium and large business - the real potential of regional development in Russia "-2014